MUSIC

Subject abbreviation: MUS College of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences

Rogério Budasz, Ph.D. Chair Department Office, ARTS 143

• (951) 827-5069; music.ucr.edu

Professors Byron Adams, D.M.A. Rogério Budasz, Ph.D. Paulo C. Chagas, Ph.D. Walter Aaron Clark, Ph.D. Deborah A. Wong, Ph.D.

Professors Emeriti Frederick K. Gable, Ph.D. Anthony F. Ginter, Ph.D. René Lysloff Ph.D.

Associate Professors Ian Dicke, Ph.D. Jonathan Ritter, Ph.D. Leonora Saavedra, Ph.D.

Assistant Professor Xochitl Chavez, Ph.D. Dana Kaufman, Ph.D. Elizabeth Przybylski,Ph.D. ** Lecturers Gary Barnett, Ph.D. Music Theory Edward Bruner, D.M.A. Choral Society Ruth Charloff, D.M.A. Orchestra and Chamber Singers Cynthia Reifler Flores, M.A., Mariachi Ensemble Tagumpay de Leon, M.S. Rondalla Ensemble Abhiman Kaushal, Music of North India Frances Moore, Chamber Music Lauren Wasynczuk, M.M., Concert Band Joshua Welchez, M.M., Jazz Ensemble Ian Whitelaw, Bagpipe Ensemble

Vocal and Instrumental Instruction Kimberly K. Amin, M.M. Piano Spencer Baldwin, Double Bass Cory Barger, M.M., Bassoon Ralph Cato, D.M.A. Voice Lisa Cherry, M.M., French Horn David W. Christensen, M.M. Organ and Carillon Robert D. Dominguez, Drum Set Eileen Holt, M.M. Flute Ana Maldonado, Violoncello Ray McNamara, Percussion Gary Matsumoto, Jazz Piano Frances C. Moore, M.A. Violin and Viola Randy Pile, Classical Guitar David Pittel, Classical Trumpet Robert L. Scarano, B.A. Jazz Guitar Leslie Schroerlucke, M.M. Clarinet Scott Sutherland, M.M., Tuba Gary Tole, Trombone Martin Torres, Jazz Acoustic Bass Celia Chan Valerio, Harp Camilia Voin, B.M. Voice Joshua Welchez, M.M. Jazz Trumpet Ian Whitelaw, Bagpipe Matthew Wyckoff, Electric Bass Guitar

The Music Department offers undergraduate majors leading to the B.A. in Music and the B.A. in Music and Culture.

Scholarships Students have access to student assistantships, work-study, Gluck Fellowships, and scholar- ships. For further information or a department tour, call the Music Department, (951) 827-7059.

Performance Throughout each academic year the Department of Music and Cultural Events sponsor more than 50 formal and informal concerts and recitals by campus ensembles, students, members of the performance faculty, and distinguished visiting artists. Most of the Music Department concerts are open to the public.

Facilities The department’s facilities include practice rooms equipped with Yamaha pianos, a Piano Lab, a Chamber Music Studio, and a large lecture/rehearsal hall, as well as smaller classrooms and practice rooms. Practice rooms are available to Music Majors and to students enrolled in an ensemble or in a course with a Voice & Instrument instructor. Most Practice rooms are open to music students on a first-come/first-served basis. For other Practice rooms, students can submit a request for a key to CHASS facilities via the website: chassintranet.ucr.edu/kims. The student’s undergraduate advisor must approve the request.

Lockers for small and medium size instru- ments are available to students inside Arts 068 (Instrument Storage Room). A limited number of lockers next to the Music Library are reserved for large instruments. The department owns sig- nificant collection of early-music instruments, in- cluding a number of early keyboard instruments, as well as instruments for use in traditional chamber, orchestral, and wind ensembles. The department also owns the instruments for sev- eral Asian ensembles, i.e., Javanese gamelan, Japanese taiko, Philippine rondalla, North Indi- ana tabla, and Korean drums, as well as for two Latin American ensembles, Andean and Mexican folkloric. The Experimental Acoustic Research Studio (EARS) supports the composition of electronic music and is housed at a location near campus. The department is home to the Center for Iberian and Latin American Music, which sponsors concerts and lectures in addition to maintaining a website and scholarly journal.

The UCR library holds strong music-research collections located in two facilities. Approx- i¬mately 35,000 books about music may be found in the Rivera Library, along with an authori- tative collection of reference works, journal back- files and microforms. The Rivera library also provides listening equipment, computers, and houses col¬lections of some 10,000 LPs, more than 7,000 CDs, a grow¬ing collection of music DVDs, and over 35,000 music scores. A growing collection of music DVDs is also available in the Music Library. Special Collections, on the 4th floor of the Rivera Library, holds numerous 18th- and 19th-century scores of major German and Austrian composers, as well as the Oswald Jonas and Joaquin Nin-Culmell archives. Locat- ed in the CHASS Interdisciplinary Building, the Multimedia Library houses the UCR Libraries’ collection of media. The collection includes video tapes (VHS), DVDs, Blu-Ray, laserdiscs, CD-ROMS, 16mm motion pictures and playback equipment. Online access to these collections is provided through the UCR Library’s local online catalog, SCOTTY and MELVYL, the UC system libraries’ online catalog. The UCR library homepage, library.ucr.edu, provides access to SCOTTY and MELVYL, as well as links to a wide variety of electronic resources.

The Department of Music offers a Bachelor of Arts in music within the context of a liberal arts curriculum. Students acquire practical knowl- edge of music performance and composition through individual study as well as participation in one or more of the department’s several ensembles. Development of the student’s vocal and/or instrumental technique is enhanced by the study of musicianship, theory, and history, which impart a deeper understanding of the structure of music and the cultural forces that shape it.

Time to degree Time to degree is four years. Freshman year: preparatory courses MUS 001 and MUS 010. Sophomore year: lower division requirements; piano proficiency. Junior year: upper division requirements (130AB, 138, 112ABC), track requirements, and electives. Senior year: upper division track requirements, and electives.

Students declare a Major in Music in the General or Performance Track by the end of their freshman year. Students that wish to declare a Major in Music within the Composition Track must first take MUS 037 and pass an audition. Please refer to the Examinations and Auditions section for more information. MUS 001 and MUS 010 are taken during the freshman year in preparation for the Major. Alternatively, students must pass a diagnostic examination at the beginning of their sophomore year and place into MUS 030 and MUS 031 or above. Transfer students must either take the diagnostic exam or have the equivalent courses articulated.

The Major offers three curricular tracks, among which students may choose a concentration:

• 1. Music - General

• 2. Music - Composition

• 3. Music - Performance

The Music and Culture major offers a predominantly scholarly and critical approach to music as culture from the perspective of research, criticism, and interpretation, with an emphasis on historical and ethnographic approaches. It is oriented primarily toward understanding music as a culturally expressive form. Courses in music and/or dance performance are required but are positioned more broadly within the major as a means to explore interrelationships between music and other forms of performance.

See Undergraduate Studies section.

See College of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences, Colleges and Programs section.

The major requirements for the B.A. degree in Music are as follows:

• 1. Participation in a major ensemble each

quarter, sophomore through junior years (9-18 units): MUS 160, MUS 161, MUS 162, MUS 163, MUS 164, MUS 165, MUS 166(E-Z)

• 2. Lower-division requirements (1-25 units)

• a) MUS 030A, MUS 030B, MUS 030C (12

units or proficiency)

• b) MUS 031A, MUS 031B, MUS 031C

(12 units or proficiency)

• c) MUS 080P (1 unit and piano proficiency)

• 3. Upper-division requirements (24-36 units)

• a) MUS 112A, MUS 112B, MUS 112C (12

units)

• b) MUS 130A, MUS 130B (8 units)

• c) MUS 131A, MUS 131B, MUS 131C (12

units or proficiency)

• d) MUS 138 (4 units)

• 4. Upper-division track requirements: choose

from one of the following tracks

• a) Music – General (28 units) 28 units from

the following:

• (1) MUS 113, MUS 114, MUS 115, MUS 116, MUS 117, MUS 118, MUS 119,

MUS 120, MUS 121, MUS 122, MUS 123, MUS 124, MUS 125, MUS 126, MUS 127, MUS 128, MUS 133, MUS 134, MUS 135, MUS 136, MUS 137, MUS 139, MUS 140, MUS 145A, MUS 145B, MUS 146, MUS 150A, MUS 150B, MUS 150C, MUS 150D, MUS 151, MUS 152, MUS 153, MUS 154 (EZ), MUS 155 (E-Z), MUS 191 (E-Z) (no more than 4 units)

• b) Music – Composition (24 units)

• (1) 4 units from the following: MUS 136,

MUS 144, MUS 147, MUS 157

• (2) MUS 134, MUS 145A (8 units)

• (3) MUS 149(12 units)

• c) Music – Performance (26 units)

• (1) 12 units from the following:

MUS 180 (E-Z), MUS 181 (E-Z)

• (2) 12 units from the following:

MUS 113, MUS 114, MUS 115, MUS 116, MUS 117, MUS 118, MUS 119, MUS 120, MUS 121, MUS 122, MUS 123, MUS 124, MUS 125, MUS 126, MUS 127, MUS 128, MUS 133, MUS 134, MUS 135, MUS 136, MUS 137, MUS 139, MUS 140, MUS 145A, MUS 145B, MUS 146, MUS 150A, MUS 150B, MUS 150C, MUS 150D, MUS 151, MUS 152, MUS 153, MUS 154 (E-Z), MUS 155 (E-Z), MUS 187, MUS 191 (E-Z).

• (3) MUS 167 (2 units)

Note Students seeking a teaching credential are ad- vised to take MUS 133, MUS 150A, MUS 150B, MUS 150C, MUS 150D, MUS 151, and MUS 152. Consult the Graduate School of Education for credential requirements. Examinations and Auditions The ability to play simple piano music is required of all majors. Students lacking keyboard proficiency when the major is declared must enroll in MUS 080P to prepare them for the proficiency examination, administered by the Department’s piano instructor. Alternatively, students with previous keyboard experience can request to take the proficiency examination instead of enrolling in MUS 080P. This examination must be passed by the junior year.

Consult the department for examination requirements.

Students that wish to declare a Major in Music within the Composition Track must 1) complete MUS 037 with a grade C or higher, and 2) present three diverse works (one of which must be realized through music notation) to the composition faculty during a brief audition at the end of the sophomore year

If entering as a Junior, transfer composition students will need to schedule an audition upon arrival to campus. The MUS 037 prerequisite can be waived at the faculty’s discretion.

MUS 031A, MUS 031B, and MUS 031C are tak- en until proficiency for admission to MUS 131A is achieved. The completion of MUS 131A, MUS 131B, and MUS 131C is required for graduation.

All students normally participate in a major ensemble each quarter. Admission to any ensemble course is by consent of instructor. All students intending to participate in an ensemble course must audition during registration.

Juries Juries are mandatory for Music juniors and seniors enrolled in the Performance Track. Students must play for two of them, on two different quarters, within each academic year. Students do not play for juries the quarter in which they perform a senior recital. Juries are optional for non-Music Majors, and Music Majors who are not in the Performance Track but who are nevertheless taking Voice & Instrument lessons at the Department. Please note that an instructor may require that a student participate play for juries even if they are not in the Performance Track.

Fees An additional course fee will be charged at the time of registration for MUS 080 (E-Z), MUS 081 (E-Z) (half-hour private lessons in voice or instrument), MUS 180 (E-Z), and MUS 181 (E-Z) (one-hour private lessons in voice or instrument). A limited number of scholarships will be made available.

The major requirements for the B.A. degree in Music and Culture are as follows:

• 1. Students participate in a major ensemble

each quarter. Students may enroll in DNCE 067A through DNCE 075B instead of, or in addition to, any of the music ensemble courses (6-12 units).

• 2. Lower-division requirements (16 units)

• a) MUS 012

• b) MUS 006

• c) MUS 008
• d) MUS 014

• 3. Upper-division requirements (36 units)

• a) Music courses (24 units)

• (1) Western Music History (4 units): MUS 112A, MUS 112B, MUS 112C, MUS 114, MUS 116, MUS 117, MUS 136,

MUS 155, MUS 191 (E-Z)

• (2) Ethnomusicology (20 units): MUS 113, MUS 117, MUS 118, MUS 119,

MUS 120, MUS 122, MUS 123, MUS 124/AST 124, MUS 125, MUS 126/ ANTH 177/GSST 126, MUS 127/ ANTH 176/AST 127/DNCE 127/ETST 172, MUS 140/HISA 139, MUS 146, MUS 184

• b) Other upper-division courses (12 units)

• (1) Dance History (4–8 units): ANTH 130,

DNCE 171 (E-Z), DNCE 172 (E-Z), DNCE 173 (E-Z)

• (2) Anthropology or Sociology (4–8 units)

• (3) English or Media and Cultural Studies

(4–8 units)

• (4) Other courses in the Social Scienc-

es, Humanities, or Arts could count towards these units if the students petitions and an advisor’s permission is granted.

The minor in Music is designed for students who wish to continue their musical studies while pursuing another major. Within the required 24 upper-division units, the minor provides basic skills in music theory and first-level studies in music history and literature while still offering modest flexibility to pursue individual interests.

• 1. Lower-division preparation: (12-20 units)

• a) MUS 001, MUS 010 or equivalent

• b) MUS 030A, MUS 030B, MUS 030C

• 2. Upper-division requirements (24 units)

• a) Eight (8) units from MUS 112A, MUS 112B, MUS 112C

• b) Twelve (12) units selected from: MUS 113, MUS 114, MUS 115, MUS 116,

MUS 117, MUS 118, MUS 119, MUS 120, MUS 121, MUS 122, MUS 123, MUS 124, MUS 125, MUS 126, MUS 127, MUS 128, MUS 130A, MUS 130B, MUS 133, MUS 134, MUS 135, MUS 136, MUS 137, MUS 138, MUS 139, MUS 140, MUS 144, MUS 145A, MUS 145B, MUS 146, MUS 147, MUS 150A, MUS 150B, MUS 150C, MUS 150D, MUS 151, MUS 152, MUS 153, MUS 154 (E-Z), MUS 155 (E-Z), MUS 180 (E-Z), MUS 181 (E-Z) (no more than 4 units), MUS 184, MUS 185, MUS 191 (E-Z)

• c) Four (4) additional units in ensemble

performance: MUS 160, MUS 161, MUS 162, MUS 163, MUS 164, MUS 165, MUS 166, MUS 168, MUS 169, MUS 170, MUS 171, MUS 172, MUS 174, MUS 175A, MUS 175B, MUS 176, MUS 177, MUS 178, MUS 179, MUS 182, MUS 183

As a freshman or sophomore, the student should complete MUS 030A, MUS 030B, MUS 030C (Harmony). This is a prerequisite for all later studies in the minor. Harmony has a prereq- uisite of MUS 001 (Introduction to Basic Musical Concepts) and MUS 010 or the equivalent.

Two required courses from MUS 112A, MUS 112B, MUS 112C should be completed follow- ing MUS 030A, MUS 030B, MUS 030C and not later than the junior year.

See Minors under the College of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences in the Colleges and Programs section of this catalog for additional information on minors.

Education Abroad is an excellent opportunity to learn more about another country and its culture while taking courses to earn units toward graduation. Students should plan study abroad well in advance to ensure that the courses taken fit with their overall program at UCR. Consult the departmental student affairs officer for assistance. For further details, visit Education Abroad at ea.ucr.edu or call (951) 827-4113.

See Education Abroad in the Educational Opportunities section in the beginning of this catalog.

The Department of Music offers the M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in Music with a specialization in three areas: digital composition, ethnomusicolo- gy, and musicology. Students are encouraged to view music in the broad context of culture: com- munication between the intradisciplinary areas is built into the program, and courses outside the department are either encouraged or required in order to develop an interdisciplinary outlook.

Admission Students may apply for a terminal M.A. degree. Students intending to pursue a Ph.D. as their final degree objective should apply directly to the Ph.D. program. Students with a B.A. should follow the requirements for the M.A. for the first six quarters.

Students are admitted into the graduate pro- gram in the fall quarter only. Though applicants must provide GRE General Test scores, scores for the music subject area are not required. All prospective students must submit an example of their writing.

Composers must also submit musical scores, recordings, or both and include a statement on technical experience. It is required that students entering the graduate program in digital compo- sition have 1) basic computer word-processing and spreadsheet skills, 2) demonstrated profi- ciency with a computer music notation program,

• 3) demonstrated proficiency with a sequencer

and audio editor, and 4) at least one of the fol- lowing: programming fluency in a computer lan- guage, fluency in a digital audio signal process- ing prototyping language, hardware experience, analog studio experience, nonlinear video editing experience, music production/studio recording experience, a scientific computing skill, or a multimedia design skill. Composers must also submit recorded evidence of performance ability. This may be either a recording of one or more performances on a preferred instrument or an aspect of the composition portfolio stated above in which the student has a significant perfor- mance role in either an acoustic music or digital capacity. Digital composition students may optionally include an additional non-academic writing sample which may be fiction, technical, or business writing.

Musicology and composition students must have an M.A. or undergraduate degree in music, including piano proficiency and musicianship (ear training). Digital composition students must have an M.A. in music or undergraduate degree in music.

Ethnomusicology students must have a back- ground in music or anthropology. Evidence of superior intellectual ability in another field com- bined with some demonstrable expertise in any musical tradition is also viewed favorably.

Entering graduate students in digital compo- sition and musicology must take an advisory examination. In musicology, admission to full graduate status is contingent upon the removal of any deficiencies in undergraduate preparation as shown by this advisory examination. In digital composition, deficiencies in undergraduate preparation must be completed by the time of the Comprehensive Examination.

Professional Development Requirements The Professional Development courses (MUS 301 and MUS 400, taken jointly) satisfy the Professional Development requirement for both the MA and PhD degrees. Topics discussed typ- ically include: course design; pedagogy; flipped classrooms; designing examinations; facilitating discussion; gender and race issues in the class- room; interviewing, writing, and oral presentation skills; publishing; the academic job market and the job application process; and nonacademic careers.

The M.A. Degree The Department of Music offers the M.A. degree in Music under Plan I (Thesis).

Requirements In addition to the coursework indicated below, all students must meet the following requirements.

• 1. Comprehensive examination

All students must pass a written and oral comprehensive examination testing knowl- edge over a broad spectrum of their field of study. The ethnomusicology exam covers three broad areas: geocultural area studies, the history of ethnomusicology, and critical issues in ethnography. The digital com- position and musicology exams cover three broad areas: music theory, music history and critical issues in theory and/or musicology. Digital composition students must also take a practical examination in basic computing and digital music skills, a composition test, and an entrance audition (instrumental or vocal).

The comprehensive examination can be passed at the M.A. or at the Ph.D. level. Passing the exam at the Ph.D. level is a re- quirement for students intending to pursue a Ph.D.. Failure to pass the comprehen- sive examinations after two opportunities constitutes grounds for dismissal from the program.

• 2. Foreign Language Requirement

Students must demonstrate a reading knowledge of a foreign language, of use in scholarship within their discipline or chosen to support their research and creative inter- ests, with the approval of the department. The requirement can be satisfied either by examination or by enrolling in 4 quarters of a language course with a grade of “B” or better.

• 3. Additional track requirements

Musicology and ethnomusicology students must present a portfolio containing their CV, and representative seminar and conference papers. The portfolio offers the student a chance to organize their work in a manner that shows both their past performance and their future potential.

The portfolios will be evaluated by the ethnomusicology or musicology faculty, respectively, coordinated by the graduate advisor.

• 4. Coursework

Each area requires a minimum of 48 units of graduate (200 series) or upper-division undergraduate courses (100 series), these may include up to 8 units of MUS 299 (Thesis Preparation).Twenty four units must be graduate level. None may be MUS 291, MUS 301 or MUS 400.

Performance courses (MUS 160-181) do not count toward the degree, with the exception of 4 units in world music ensem- bles required of ethnomusicology students (see requirements below). The courses comprising the remaining required units are disposed differently in each of the three areas as specified below.

• 1. Digital Composition

• a) Core requirements

MUS 200, MUS 201, MUS 206 or MUS 207B, MUS 256, MUS 258 (repeatable), MUS 265, MUS 293 (6 units), MUS 301, MUS 400

• b) Three of the following repeatable

courses:

MUS 232, MUS 249, MUS 251, MUS 257, MUS 259, MUS 264

• 2. Ethnomusicology

• a) Core courses

MUS 200, MUS 207A, MUS 207B, MUS 255, MUS 301, MUS 400

• b) At least two quarters of the following

courses:

MUS 270, MUS 271

• c) Two of the following courses:

MUS 113, MUS 117, MUS 118, MUS 119, MUS 120, MUS 122, MUS 123, MUS 124, MUS 126, MUS 127, MUS 128, MUS 140, MUS 146, MUS 184

• d) One graduate seminar in musicology

or composition/theory: MUS 201, MUS 206, MUS 232, MUS 249, MUS 251, MUS 252, MUS 256, MUS 257, MUS 258, MUS 259, MUS 261, MUS 262, MUS 263, MUS 264, MUS 265, MUS 266, MUS 293

• e) Two graduate courses outside the

department; may use directed studies (MUS 290) for one.

• f) Four units in one of the following

ensembles:

MUS 168, MUS 169, MUS 170, MUS 174, MUS 175A, MUS 175B, MUS 176, MUS 177, MUS 178, MUS 179

• 3. Musicology

• a) Core requirements

MUS 200, MUS 201, MUS 206, MUS 207B, MUS 301, MUS 400

• b) Six courses in the 260s series:

MUS 261, MUS 262, MUS 263

• c) Two graduate courses outside the

Music Department; may use directed studies (MUS 290)

• d) Two of the following courses:

MUS 118, MUS 155 E-Z, MUS 126, MUS 153, MUS 265, MUS 255, MUS 259, MUS 270

Thesis Students whose degree objective is a terminal M.A. must write a thesis as part of the requirements for graduation. The M.A. thesis consists of an essay of substantial scope that makes an original contribution to the field. For digital composition students the thesis consists of two parts: a musical composition of substantial scope and a prose essay.

Normative time to degree 6 quarters

The Department of Music offers the Ph.D. degree in Music. Students are invited by the faculty to continue toward candidacy for the Ph.D. degree on the basis of performance in courses and seminars, the quality of their portfolios, passing the comprehensive examination at the Ph.D. level, satisfactory completion of the M.A. requirements, and the recommendation of the faculty in their track (digital composition, musicology or ethnomusicology), in consultation with the graduate advisor.

Students with an M.A. degree from other uni- versities are eligible for admission. The process of admission is the same as for students with a B.A.

Requirements

• 1. Foreign language requirement

Musicology and ethnomusicology students must demonstrate a reading knowledge of a second foreign language, of use in scholarship within their discipline or chosen to support their research and creative interests. Students in these concentrations with an M.A. from other universities, who did not have to meet a foreign language requirement, must demonstrate a reading knowledge of two foreign languages during their residency at UCR. Digital composition students are required to demonstrate a reading knowledge of one foreign lan- guage.

• 2. Coursework

Students continuing toward the Ph.D. must take 36 additional units earned in seminars and in MUS 291 and MUS 299 studies geared toward preparation for the qualifying examinations. None may be MUS 301 or MUS 400.

Students entering with an M.A. from another institution must take a minimum of 48 units earned in seminars and directed studies (MUS 290). These must include the following required courses, although waiver may be granted for specific courses on an individual basis, depending on the student’s prior graduate training and pending faculty approval. Students are encouraged to take additional seminars and MUS 291 and MUS 299 courses geared toward prepara- tion for the qualifying examinations.

Ethnomusicology students must meet the course requirements of the M.A. as stated above.

Digital composition students are required to take:

• a) Core requirements

MUS 200, MUS 201, MUS 206 or MUS 207B, MUS 256, MUS 258 (repeatable), MUS 265, MUS 293 (6 units), MUS 301, MUS 400

• b) Two of the following repeatable

courses:

MUS 232, MUS 249, MUS 251, MUS 257, MUS 259, MUS 264

Musicology students are required to take:

• a) Core requirements

MUS 200, MUS 201, MUS 206, MUS 207B or MUS 255, MUS 301, MUS 400

• b) Five courses in the 260s series:

MUS 261, MUS 262, MUS 263

• 3. Qualifying examinations

Students must take the qualifying exam- inations, both written and oral, supervised by a faculty committee as stipulated in the regulations of the Graduate Division. The qualifying examinations concentrate on testing advanced skills and knowledge of specialized fields. Digital composition students are also expected to pass a test containing ear-training, keyboard, and basic compositional skills. Qualifying examinations are normally taken in the ninth quarter for students entering with a B.A., and in the sixth quarter, for students entering with an M.A.

• 4. Dissertation prospectus

Students must write a dissertation pro- spectus as part of the written qualifying examinations.

Advancement to candidacy for the Ph.D. degree Students advance to candidacy for the Ph.D. degree once they have passed all coursework and the written and oral qualifying examinations.

Dissertation and final oral examination A dissertation to be presented as prescribed by the Graduate Council is prepared under the direction of the candidate’s dissertation com- mittee. After completion of the dissertation, the candidate may be examined in its defense by the dissertation committee. Normative time to degree For students in Digital Composition and Musi- cology: 15 quarters for students entering with a B.A. degree; 12 quarters for students entering with an M.A. degree. For students in Ethnomu- sicology: 21 quarters for students entering with a B.A. degree; 15 quarters for students entering with an M.A. degree.

The descriptions of many courses listed below carry the phrase “or consent of instructor.” This is meant to encourage musically qualified stu- dents who are not majors to participate in the courses and activities of the department. Any nonmajor having interest in a specific course should confer with the instructor about the qualifications for enrollment.