Prerequisites: upper-division standing or upper-division course in the period or subject matter of the topic, or consent of instructor

Description: Requires a substantial research paper or project, the result of carefully guided independent work (students may continue and expand papers or projects into a quarter of directed research by enrolling in HIST 199). E. Medieval History; F. Renaissance and Reformation; G. Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Europe; I. Nineteenth-Century Europe; J. Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century England; K. Twentieth-Century Europe; L. Modern Russia; M. European Thought and Culture; N. Mexican Migration to the United States; P. Colonial American History; Q. Nineteenth-Century American History; R. The American West; S. Twentieth-Century American History; T. American Thought and Culture; U. Colonial and Nineteenth-Century Latin America; V. Recent Latin America; W. Chinese History; X. Mass Media; Y. African History; Z. Ancient History.