Prerequisites: upper-division standing or consent of instructor

Description: Explores the basic ideas of modernity in Europe that are central to the history of western cultures and civilization. Focuses on the function of the arts and sciences in relation to the philosophy and concepts of the Enlightenment. Addresses humankind’s changing relationship to religion, state, society, and history, as well as new strategies of self-reflection.

Cross-listing: Cross-listed with GER 136.