CS12 Topic list for final

The final is comprehensive.  All topics on the midterm topic list are
fair game.  In addition, you are responsible for the following topics:
            ^^^^^^^^^^^

Book: 3.12--3.14
      7.7
      9.1--9.12
      10.1--10.5, 10.8
      12.1--12.6
      20.1

More on classes:
- Copy constructors
  - when used 
    - automatic
      - copies (value parameters)
      - return values
      - assignment
    - explicit
      - to make a copy of an object: 
        Set A(B);  will create A and place a copy of B in A.
  - why use
    - when object contains pointers
    - to avoid major problems when destructors are called
- static class members
- constructor initializer lists 
  - before actual code in constructor (before the { )
  - assign values to data members
 
Recursion
- writing recursive functions
- two conditions:
  - terminating condition (base case)
  - progress towards base case (problem gets smaller)
- determining the output of a recursive function 

Templates
- Template functions
 - writing
 - calling
- Template classes
 - writing
 - using
- container classes
- Standard Template Library (know it exists).

Defining new type names with typedef

Inheritance
 - base classes
 - derived classes
 - declaring a derived object (base class constructor called first)
 - invoking methods with derived object (derived methods used first)
 - public, private and protected data/methods
 - public, private and protected inheritance
 - invoking base class constructor in derived object constructor
   (in constructor initializer, see above)
 - base class object pointers pointing to derived objects
 - polymorphism
 - virtual functions
 - virtual destructors
 - pure virtual functions
 - abstract base classes