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The if Statement

• The if statement is used to implement a decision.
• It has two parts: a test and a body.
• Example:

  if (area < 0)
     cerr << "Error: Negative area.\n";
  

• Multiple statements can be grouped together in a block statement by enclosing them in braces { }:

  if (area < 0)
  {
     cerr << "Error: Negative area.\n";
     return 1;
  }
  

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