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Embedded systems have been entrusted with mission critical tasks on spacecrafts ever since the deployment of the Apollo Guidance Computer designed at the MIT Instrumentation Lab. The embedded systems used in space missions must achieve high reliability and must be highly optimized. In this talk I will present some recent results of my research that further these goals. High degrees of automation in testing and debugging is essential for producing high confidence software under time constraints. I will present an automated approach to fault location during debugging that is highly effective in narrowing the fault to a small part of the code. Embedded systems must be highly optimized to deliver performance while making efficient use of power. I will present architectural features of a highly optimized processor that is also power efficient. I will also describe my contributions in the area of scalable program analysis that have played a critical role in achieving the presented results.